Hyperparathyroidism following head and neck irradiation

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Abstract
A history of head and neck irradiation in childhood or adolescence was found in 22 of 130 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism compared with only 12 of 400 control patients, a significant difference (P < 0.25). Among 200 patients with a history of childhood irradiation biochemical or surgical evidence of hyperparathyroidism occurred in 10 (5%). This is at least 30 times the prevalence of hyperparathyroidism in the general population (P < 0.025). Head and neck irradiation should be regarded as an important risk factor in the subsequent development of hyperparathyroidism.