Sequence of shortening of the normal human left ventricle

Abstract
Left ventricular sequence of shortening was studied through the analysis of cineventriculograms in 30° right anterior oblique projection of 11 normal patients. In all patients transverse shortening progressed in base to apex direction, in a concentric fashion. Base descent started simultaneously with the first transverse inward motion and continued throughout systole. There was a slight protrusion of the apex in the beginning of systole, lasting a mean of 115 ms.

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