Ionic Relationships in the Pedogenesis of Hawaiian Soils

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Abstract
A pedogenic mica is believed to be present in a sequence of Hawaiian soils, the lower, drier members of which are Oxisols and the upper, wetter members Ultisols. The mica decreases with depth within each soil and increases generally with increasing rainfall and elevation. Direct relationships exist between the amount of mica in the soils and the amount of exchangeable potassium per unit of base saturation, and between the amount of mica and the concentration of potassium in the soil solution. The parameters, log [K+]/[H+] and log [H4SiO4], of the mass action equations between mica, kaolin, and gibbsite, when measured for the soil solutions, are useful indicators of the probable stabilities of the minerals in the soils. Tests of physical models of the chemical system involved indicate that the exchangeable potassium and the potassium in the soil solutions as measured are not in equilibrium with the minerals in the soils.

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