Antibody Responses and Reactogenicity of Graded Doses of Inactivated Influenza A/New Jersey/76 Whole-Virus Vaccine in Humans

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Abstract
Graded doses of inactivated whole influenza A/New Jersey/8/76 virus vaccine were injected into healthy volunteers. Presence of hemagglutination-inhibiting (HAI) antibody was uncommon before vaccination in persons younger than 45 years and most common in those older than 65 years. All vaccine doses (4–61 µg of hemagglutinin) induced HAl antibody in at least 50% of recipients, although a booster dose was required to induce high titers in those younger than 24 years of age. A tendency for HAl titers to increase with increasing age and dose was noted. A trivalent vaccine (composed of A/New Jersey/76, A/Victoria/75, and B/Hong Kong/73) given to persons 24–44 years old produced HAl antibody titers to A/New Jersey/76 similar to those produced by the same dose of A/New Jersey/76 as a monovalent vaccine and produced higher titers in subjects 65 years of age or older. Increases in neuraminidase-inhibiting antibody were small and infrequent. Local and systemic symptoms were commonly reported after vaccination but were mostly mild (11% had moderate pain and 19% had muscular aches). Reactions were less common among those with HAl antibody at the time of vaccination and were unacceptably severe (in 20% of recipients) only in seronegative recipients given the 61-µg dose of hemagglutinin.

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