Mortality Factors for the Vetch Bruchid,Bruchus brachialis1

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Abstract
The vetch bruchid,Bruchus brachialisFahr., is an insect pest of European origin that has become one of the major insect pests in the production of seed of hairy vetch.Vicia millosaRoth, in the United States. Mortality data were collected on the development of the insect from egg to emerging adult. Mortality in the egg stage resulted from the factors: eggs lost from the pods (29.7%), death of embryo (8.5%), sterile or nonviable eggs (4.0%), and female bruchids feeding on their eggs (1.7%). In the larval stage, there was a 21.7% mortality of individuals that failed to enter a seed, and 23.5% of the larvae died within the seeds. Very little difference occurred in success of larvae between those that entered the seed through the hilum, or those that. entered on the side of the seed. The pupal stage showed no mortality, and less than 1% mortality occurred owing to failure of prepupae to pupate or adults to escape from the seed. The accumulated mortality from egg to adult was 89.32%.

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