Abstract
This paper carefully explores the relations among the statistical ensembles, systems, and states (pure and mixed) of quantum theory. By systematically contrasting the classical and quantal realizations of a general paradigm for a probabilistic physics, important distinctions are exposed both in statics and dynamics. Included are observations concerning the intrinsic ambiguity of the quantum-state concept and the peculiarly quantum property of dynamic indivisibility. It is concluded that the conceptual gulf between classical states and quantum “states” is wider than commonly assumed.

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