Helical, motile mycoplasmas associated with flowers and honey bees in California

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Abstract
Spiroplasmas were cultured from nonsurface-sterilized flowers of magnolia tree (Magnolia grandifiora L.) and tulip tree (Liriodendron tulipfera L.) in Alameda, Solano, and Yolo counties in California. Spiroplasmas were also isolated from honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) collected in the vicinity of Davis and Berkeley, CA. Most of the isolates grew relatively slowly at 31 or 37 °C reaching maximum population at 31 °C in 8–10 days. The flower isolates were serologically indistinguishable by deformation and growth inhibition tests of spiroplasma strain AS-576 from honey bee from Maryland. Isolates from honey bees were serologically closely related to spiroplasma strain SR-3 from tulip tree flower from Connecticut.