Minor dietary effects on HDL in physically active men

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Abstract
In a preceding prospective study an increased high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol and apolipoprotein (apo) A-I concentration occurred in healthy, non-obese, initially sedentary men, aged 30-44 yr, after 3 mo. of physical training. Dietary history data revealed an increase in the absolute amount of fat-intake. It was investigated whether a change in fat intake would influence the levels of lipoproteins, especially the HDL fraction, in 23 regularly conditioning men, aged 30-44 yr, with a maximal aerobic capacity of 53.4 mg/kg per min .+-. 0.8, mean .+-. SE. Ten subjects participated in an experimental group and 13 in a control group. The experimental group studied before, after 4 wk on a fat-rich diet (54 energy-% fat, 29 energy-% carbohydrate) and after 4 wk on a fat-poor diet (29 energy-% fat, 53 energy-% carbohydrate). The data reveal that these large dietary changes did not influence HDL-cholesterol concentrations (1.71 .+-. 0.10, 1.69 .+-. 0.12, 1.59 .+-. 0.13 mmol/l, mean .+-. SE, during ordinary, fat-rich and fat-poor diet) and only influenced apo A-I levels to a minor degree after the fat-poor diet (134 .+-. 6.1, 134 .+-. 7.1 and 123 .+-. 4.7 arbitrary units, mean values .+-. SE, during ordinary, fat-rich and fat-poor diet). No changes were observed in the controls before and after 8 wk. During the study, training habits and body weight were constant. Large variations in the intake of dietary neutral fat only to a minor extent influence the level of HDL-cholesterol and apo A-I in physically active subjects.