The Male, Nymph, and Larva of Ixodes brunneus Koch (Acarina: Ixodidae)

Abstract
I. brunneus Koch was described from North America by C. L. Koch in 1844 on the basis of the female only and without designation of host. In 1847, he listed the host as "Fringilla alblcollis" = Zonotrichia albicollis. For nearly 100 years, only females were found, of which there are now many specimens in tick collections. However, it was not until 1943 that this species was reared in the laboratory, making all stages of the life cycle available for description. All stages are described and illustrated.
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