Pulmonary nocardiosis. Occurrence in men with systemic lupus erythematosus

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Abstract
Pulmonary nocardiosis developed in 3 male patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), all of whom had been or were being treated with steroids and cytotoxic agents. These 3 cases comprised virtually the entire experience of this medical center with this infectious agent since 1971, and no cases of nocardiosis have been seen in a large group of treated and untreated female SLE patients. Unlike 9 of 10 previously reported cases, the patients each survived the infection with appropriate therapy and subsequently did well or died of other disease complications. The predisposition of nocardial infection for immunologically suppressed male subjects appears to hold true in SLE in spite of the strong predilection of this disease for women.