Gemifloxacin

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Abstract
▴ Gemifloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent which has an enhanced affinity for topoisomerase IV. It has potent activity against most Gram-positive bacteria, particularly Streptococcus pneumoniae. Gemifloxacin is over 30-fold more active than ciprofloxacin and 4- to 8-fold more active than moxifloxacin against this pathogen. ▴ Gemifloxacin has excellent activity against Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis, and is unaffected by β-lactamase production. It is generally 2-fold less active than ciprofloxacin against most Enterobacteriaceae. ▴ Atypical respiratory pathogens (Legionella, Mycoplasma and Chlamydia spp.) are highly susceptible to gemifloxacin. li]▴ Preliminary results from phase II trials show that oral gemifloxacin 320 mg/day produced bacteriological responses of 94.7% in patients with acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis and 95% of patients with uncomplicated urinary tract infections. ▴ Adverse events included nausea, abdominal pain, headache and mild rash in patients and healthy volunteers treated with gemifloxacin 320 mg/day. Gemifloxacin has a low potential for mild phototoxicity (comparable to that of ciprofloxacin).

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