Effects of Ionizing Radiation on Potassium Hydrogen Malonate

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Abstract
Electron spin resonance spectroscopy was used to observe the primary effects of x rays on a single crystal of KOOC–CH2–COOH irradiated at 4.2°K. Three effects were observed: (1) Anions are formed by the addition of an electron to the oxygen of the carbonyl group; (2) a unique paramagnetic center results from the loss of a hydrogen atom shared between two molecules; (3) pairs of radicals are created by the removal of a hydrogen atom from the CH2 groups of each of two adjacent molecules. In order to explain the hyperfine pattern associated with the radical pair absorption it is necessary to develop the theory of “forbidden” transitions for the triplet state.

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