Upper-extremity Muscular Activity at Different Cadences and Inclines during Normal Gait

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Abstract
Electromyography was used to determine the activity of fifteen upper-extremity muscles at the cadences of 70, 95, and 120 steps per minute on inclines of zero and 15 degrees. An intramuscular copper wire served as the active electrode. The activity was transmitted via telemetry. Specific action potentials were integrated and recorded on graph paper. Major activity occurred in the posterior deltoid, middle deltoid, and teres major muscles. The fifteen subjects increased their activity as they walked faster, but not as they ascended steeper inclines. Although the upper extremities act as pendulums, the pendular action is caused both by muscular activity and by gravity.

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