Factors affecting the production of ethylene by Penicillium digitatum.

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Abstract
Various factors were found to influence ethylene production by P. digitatum Sacc. Different single spore cultures were observed to vary widely in their ethylene-producing capacity, although growth was almost the same. Additional tests confirmed that ethylene production was not proportionate to growth, but as expected respiration and growth rates were closely associated. The submerged ball-like growth in shake cultures produced only traces of ethylene, even though growth was much more abundant than in still culture. Ethylene production was associated with surface growth, and the amount of ethylene was greatly stimulated by the inclusion of yeast extract in the medium. Ethylene production increased 15-fold in the presence of yeast extract, whereas growth was only doubled. The stimulatory effect of yeast extract could not be duplicated with amino acids or vitamins, alone or combined, and was partially destroyed by autoclaving. More ethylene was produced in a closed than in an open system.

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