Statistical evaluation of backscattered ultrasonic grain signals

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Abstract
Insonification of the microstructure of materials results in a backscattered signal consisting of multiple interfering echoes with random amplitudes and phases. Information pertaining to grain scattering cross section and grain size distribution is an inherent property of the backscattered signal. A statistical model of grain signals is developed that describes the spatial and time averaged data, and their relationship to signal attenuation caused by scattering and absorption. Both spatial and temporal averaging permits the estimation of the attenuation coefficient, which has been found to be position dependent. Furthermore, it has been shown experimentally and theoretically that the performance of spatial and time averaging is governed by correlation properties of the grain signal.

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