Vibrational Assignment of Carbazole from Infrared, Raman, and Fluorescence Spectra

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Abstract
The infrared, Raman, and fluorescence spectra of carbazole are reported with as complete polarization information as possible. An experimental assignment of fundamentals is given and is reliable only for A 1 species, being incomplete or uncertain for the other symmetry species. Some lattice modes of the carbazole crystal were found both in the infrared and Raman spectra, and a partial assignment made. A crude normal‐coordinate calculation was made using a force field transferred from phenanthrene for the in‐plane problem and from benzene and anthracene for the out‐of‐plane problem. The observed and calculated frequencies are compared, and good agreement is found for the A 1 fundamentals.