DIFFERENCES IN THE GEOGRAPHY OF SERVICES AND THE CHARACTERISTICS OF POPULATION STRUCTURE

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Abstract
Present Soviet planning norms for the design and construction of service establishments do not take sufficient account of regional differences in population structure. The provision of services needs to be differentiated in terms of three basic population characteristics: (1) forms of settlement; (2) age-sex structure; (3) ethnic composition. Differences in needs for services between urban and rural places are generally recognized, but further refinement is needed for: (a) cities of more than 100,000; (b) small and middle-size towns; (c) large villages, workers' settlements, and rayon seats; (d) smaller rural places. Wide differences in age-sex structure between, say, Estonia and Turkmenia, affect the needs for services catering specifically to younger or older age groups. The impact of ethnic factors on service needs has been recognized least of all. The provision of service establishments and service personnel is affected by such factors as a knowledge of the indigenous language, the parallel operation of Russian and indigenous schools, Russian and indigenous theaters, ethnic traditions in eating and drinking habits, the character of dwelling units and so forth.

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