Winter Activity of Pipistrelle Bats

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Abstract
(1) Pipistrelle bats leave hibernation to feed in all winter months. (2) Winter activity is most likely on warm and calm nights. (3) Bat feeding rates are highest on warm calm nights. (4) The behavior of the bats shows a good qualitative fit to a simple energetic model of winter activity, but the response of the bats to temperature does not form the predicted step-function. (5) Males seem more often active in winter than females, and more males are active on warmer nights than on cold ones.