A New Source of Antibody-Like Substances Having Anti-Blood Group Specificity

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Abstract
A new source of agglutinins has been found in snails (albumin gland) and in many sorts of fish roe. These agglutinins do not only agglutinate red cells of various origin before and (or) after treatment with several enzymes (pronase, neuraminidase), but also different strains of bacterial microorganism. These reactions are not unspecific, but follow the rule of strong chemospecificity as could be demonstrated in several cases by haemagglutination inhibition and immunodiffusion tests, especially with the agglutinins from Helix snails, where artificially conjugated antigens were included, as well as a discussion of the nomenclature and topochemical arrangement of the receptors.

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