Very rapid turnover of dopamine in noradrenaline cell body regions

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Abstract
The contents of dopamine, noradrenaline and their deaminated metabolites, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethylene glycol (DOPEG) were determined in rats in two noradrenaline cell body regions, i.e., the superior cervical ganglion and the locus coeruleus, and in one dopamine cell body region, the substantia nigra. In the two noradrenaline cell body regions, the tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor α-methyltyrosine rapidly lowered the contents of noradrenaline and DOPEG and it lowered the contents of dopamine and DOPAC even more rapidly. The dopamine-β-hydroxylase inhibitor FLA-63 swiftly elevated the content of dopamine and it lowered the content of noradrenaline in the two noradrenaline regions, but it was ineffective in the substantia nigra. The monoamine oxidase inhibitor pargyline rapidly reduced the deaminated catechols and increased somewhat the contents of the two amines in the superior cervical ganglion and in the locus coeruleus. The α-methyltyrosine-induced disappearance of dopamine in the two noradrenaline cell body regions was markedly inhibited by FLA-63 and pargyline in combination, but not by only one of the two drugs. The results indicate that most of the dopamine in the superior cervical ganglion and in the locus coeruleus occurs in the cell body region of noradrenaline neurons, whereas only a minor part of the dopamine in the superior cervical ganglion is present in SIF cells. Axonal transport did not contribute to the disappearance of dopamine in the superior cervical ganglion. A high dose of reserpine reduced the contents of dopamine and noradrenaline in the superior cervical ganglion and in the locus coeruleus, indicating that most of the amines is present in storage granules. The data suggest that dopamine turns over very rapidly in the noradrenaline cell body regions. In the superior cervical ganglion, about half of the formed dopamine is converted to noradrenaline whereas the other half of dopamine is metabolized or released. Thus, a considerable part of the dopamine and its metabolites in the blood and the urine might originate in the sympathetic ganglia.