Eastern Equine Encephalomyelitis

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Abstract
Eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus (EEEV) has been the cause of epizootics of eastern equine encephalitis (EEE) in North American horses as far back as 1831, but undoubtedly the virus itself was present in its endemic cycle long before that. 1, 2 The virus, however, was not isolated until a major outbreak occurred in horses in coastal areas of Delaware, Maryland, New Jersey, and Virginia in 1933. 3, 4 There were additional outbreaks in 1934 in Virginia and 1935 in North Carolina. It was during the 1935 outbreak that birds were considered to be a possible reservoir host, 5 but it was not until 1950 that the first virus isolation was made from a wild bird. 6 Subsequent studies have shown that many birds, including virtually all passerine species, are susceptible to EEEV infection. 7, 8

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