Abstract
Myrmica ereptrix, a new species socially parasitic on Myrmica rugosa, is described from a single female discovered in Kashmir, India. A synoptic table of the known social parasites in genus Myrmica is given and the genus‐level names Paramyrmica, Sommimyrma and Sifolinia are discussed and newly synonymized with Myrmica. The genus Myrmica is redefined for all castes. An outline is given of the evolution of the characteristic venation of Myrmica alates. The structure of the metasternal process in genera of the A/y/Twca‐group is discussed and used in the generic diagnosis for the first time.