Differential Variation of Parthenogenetic and Bisexual Haemaphysalis longicornis (Acari : Ixodidae)

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Abstract
Morphological characters were measured from ticks from samples of 10 populations of H. longicornis. The 10 populations consist of 6 diploid bisexual and 4 triploid parthenogenetic populations from Australia, Japan and Korea. Statistical analyses (univariate and multivariate) of differential morphological variation were made of sex, method of reproduction and chromosome ploidy level, in attempts to determine the effects of these parameters on overall variation. In general, laboratory-reared thelytokous females (3n = 33) were least variable, laboratory-reared bisexual females and males (2n = 22 .female.; 21 .male.) were intermediate, and field-collected bisexual males and females were most variable. The only field-collected thelytokous population (3n = 33) in the analyses was more variable than even field-collected bisexual ticks.

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