A Competitive Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Detection of Bovine Milk in Ovine and Caprine Milk and Cheese Using a Monoclonal Antibody against Bovine β-Casein

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Abstract
A competitive ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) was performed to detect and quantify bovine milk in ovine and caprine milk and cheese using a monoclonal antibody (AH4 MAb) against bovine β-casein. Ovine or caprine milk and cheese containing bovine milk were added simultaneously with the AH4 MAb to the wells of a microtiter plate that had been previously sensitized with commercial bovine β-casein. The bovine caseins in milk or cheese samples compete with the bovine β-casein bound to the plate for the AH4 MAb binding sites. Further immunorecognition of AH4 MAb bound to the bovine β-casein immobilized onto the plate was attained with rabbit anti-mouse immunoglobulin conjugated to peroxidase. Subsequent enzymic conversion of the substrate showed clear differences in absorbance values during assay of mixtures of ovine and caprine milk and cheese containing various amounts of bovine milk. The competitive ELISA developed in this work allows the quantitative detection of bovine milk in ovine and caprine milk and cheese samples in the range of 0.5 to 25% of substitution.

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