Orientation of loci within the human major histocompatibility complex by chromosomal in situ hybridization.

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Abstract
The localization and orientation of 2 genetic probes within the human major histocompatibility complex was determined by chromosomal in situ hybridization. A cloned genomic probe cross-hybridizing to HLA-A, -B and -C H chain loci is evidently homologous to sequences located on chromosome 6 at band p21.3 while a subclone of the genomic HLA-DR .alpha.-chain gene corresponding to the nonpolymorphic p34 protein is homologous to sequences in band 6p21.1. This technique may permit the estimation of map distances between linked gene loci, assuming a uniform frequency of map units in the human genome. The relative positions of these genes was confirmed in a mother and son carrying a chromosome rearrangement involving 6p and 14p in which the sequences hybridizing to a DR .alpha.-chain genomic clone were found at the distal end of the 6p-chromosome [der(6)] while the sequences hybridizing to the HLA-A, -B, -C .alpha.-chain probe were found in the 14p + chromosome [der(14)].