Pancreatic endocrine responses to stimulation of the peripheral ends of the vagus nerves in conscious calves.

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Abstract
The effects of stimulation of the peripheral ends of both vagus nerves below the heart (10 Hz for 10 min) were investigated in conscious calves 2-5 wk after birth. Stimulation was invariably below behavioral threshold and caused a prompt increase in the concentrations of pancreatic glucagon, insulin and pancreatic polypeptide (PP) in the arterial plasma. Each response was blocked by pretreatment with atropine (0.2 mg/kg). Administration of exogenous glucose by continuous i.v. infusion (approximately 0.08 mmol kg-1 min-1) greatly enhanced the release of insulin in response to vagal stimulation without significantly changing that of pancreatic glucagon or PP. Vagal stimulation also caused a significant rise in the concentration of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in the intestinal lymph. This response persisted in the presence of atropine.

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