Hazardous Waste Surface Impoundment Technology

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Abstract
The design, construction and performance data for hazardous waste surface impoundments (SIs) at nine facilities were reviewed, and actual and projected performances were compared. Discussions were also held with four design engineering firms, one waste management company, one liner installer/fabricator, and regulatory agencies in three states. The following were identified as being essential in achieving good site performance: (1) Siting in suitable geological formation; (2) continuity of the geotechnical support throughout the project planning, site investigation, design, and construction; (3) construction supervision to ensure adherence to specifications; (4) compaction of clay wet of optimum to eliminate air space; (5) consideration of compatibility with waste in selecting liner material; (6) rigorous QA/QC to ensure adequate design and proper liner installation; and (7) providing and maintaining protective cover for liners.

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