Distributions of planktonic sea lice larvae Lepeophtheirus salmonis in the inter-tidal zone in Loch Torridon, Western Scotland in relation to salmon farm production cycles

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Abstract
Analyses of a unique database containing sea lice records over an 11 year period provide evidence of changing infestation patterns in Scotland. The data, collected from more than 50 commercial Atlantic salmon farms, indicate that both species of sea lice commonly found in Scotland, Lepeophtheirus salmonis and Caligus elongatus, have declined on farms over the past decade. Reductions for both species have been particularly marked since 2001 when more effective veterinary medicines became available. Treatment data were also available in the database and these show a growing trend towards the use of the in-feed medication emamectin benzoate (Slice(R)), particularly in the first year of the salmon production cycle. However, this trend towards single product use has not been sustained in 2006, the latest year for which data are available. There is some evidence of region to region variation within Scotland with the Western Isles experiencing higher levels of infestation. However, compared to the levels observed between 1996 and 2000, all regions have benefited from reduced lice infestation, with the overall pattern showing a particular reduction in the second and third quarters of the second year of production.CR: *ICES, 2006, 2006ACFM23 ICES CM *SCOTT EX, 2007, TRIP WORK GROUP AR M *SSPO, 2007, DEV SALM FARM PROT E BRON JE, 1993, J FISH DIS, V16, P487 BRON JE, 1993, PATHOGENS WILD FARME, P263 BUSH AO, 1997, J PARASITOL, V83, P575 BUTLER JRA, 2002, PEST MANAG SCI, V58, P595 DENHOLM I, 2002, PEST MANAG SCI, V58, P528 GRANT AN, 1993, PATHOGENS WILD FARME, P255 GUSTAFSON L, 2006, J FISH DIS, V29, P621 HEUCH PA, 2003, J FISH DIS, V26, P539 JOHNSON SC, 2004, ZOOL STUD, V43, P229 JONES SRM, 2006, J PARASITOL, V92, P473 KABATA Z, 1979, PARASITIC COPEPODA B MCKIBBEN MA, 2004, AQUAC RES, V35, P742, DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2109.2004.01096.x RAE GH, 2002, PEST MANAG SCI, V58, P515 REVIE CW, 2002, J FISH DIS, V25, P391 REVIE CW, 2002, PEST MANAG SCI, V58, P576 REVIE CW, 2002, VET REC, V151, P753 REVIE CW, 2003, DIS AQUAT ORGAN, V57, P85 REVIE CW, 2005, J FISH BIOL, V66, P773 REVIE CW, 2005, J FISH DIS, V28, P603 REVIE CW, 2007, PREV VET MED, V81, P135, DOI 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2007.04.004 ROTH M, 2000, CONTRIB ZOOL, V69, P109 SAKSIDA S, 2007, AQUAC RES, V38, P219, DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2109.2007.01651.x SAKSIDA S, 2007, J FISH DIS, V30, P357 SHAW DJ, 1995, PARASITOLOGY S, V111, S111 STONE J, 2000, DIS AQUAT ORGAN, V41, P141 TODD CD, 2000, HYDROBIOLOGIA, V429, P181 TREASURER J, 1994, FISH FARMER, V17, P46 TREASURER JW, 2000, AQUACULTURE, V187, P247 TREASURER JW, 2002, BULL EUR ASSN FISH P, V22, P375 WADSWORTH SL, 1998, THESIS U ABERDEEN UK WESTCOTT JD, 2004, AQUAC RES, V35, P784, DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2109.2004.01101.x WOOTEN R, 1982, P ROY SOC EDINB B, V81, P18

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