“Top-Down” versus “Side-On” Viewing of the Inductively Coupled Plasma

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Abstract
The inductively coupled plasma is viewed by a “top-down” optical configuration, and the analytical performance is compared to conventional “side-on” viewing in terms of sensitivity, detection limits, linear dynamic range, self-reversal effects, and multielement performance. This comparison is made for a selection of eleven atom and ion lines of eight elements. The results of this study indicate distinct advantages in “top-down” viewing including improved sensitivity, lower detection limits, better signal-to-background ratios, and better compromise viewing position for multielement analysis. An exception to these advantages is increased self-absorption effects observed for the alkali elements.