Miniature optical-fiber-based spectrometer employing a compact tandem fiber probe

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Abstract
We present a novel miniature spectrometer in combination with a compact tandem optical fiber DIP probe. The system is designed to use single strand fibers to obtain high resolution spectral information for the determination of absorbance, transmission and scattering in liquids, or for measuring pH or toxic metal concentrations using immobilized indicator materials. The performance of the CCD array spectrometer in terms of spectral resolution, stray light, noise and dynamic range is shown to equal typical non-fiber analytical instruments. The mode containment optical design of the spectrometer results in excellent light throughput, and fibers as small as 50 micrometers can be used for routine applications. Tandem fiber probes were made by cutting and polishing the distal tips of two parallel fibers at a 45 degree(s) angle. A description of the tandem fiber probe (DIP probe) is presented which includes the probe's construction. Suggestions are made in geometric variations to adapt the probe to perform in other sampling tasks. Optical coupling efficiencies and refractive index effects are evaluated. Methods to construct ruggedized extension or field optical fiber cables are also discussed.

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