Incidence, Morbidity and Complications of Renal and Ureteral Calculin A Well Defined Geographical Area

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Abstract
In a well defined geographical area with only one hospital, the incidence of upper urinary tract stone was found to be 180 per 100 000 inhabitants, a figure not substantially higher than that reported more than 30 years ago. The male/female ratio was 3.6 : 1. The mean frequency of recurrence was 40% and the mean frequency of infection 12%. Hyperparathyroidism was found in 1.4% of all cases. Thirty-five per cent of the patients required hospital treatment and 19% needed operation. Renal pelvic stone was more common in the female (22%) than in the male (8.5 %) patients. Spontaneous passage of stone occurred in 87.5 % of the men and in 81.5 % of the women. No seasonal variation in the onset of acute pain was demonstrable.

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