Versatile cloning system for construction of multimeric proteins for use in atomic force microscopy
- 1 September 2002
- journal article
- Published by Wiley in Protein Science
- Vol. 11 (9) , 2179-2183
- https://doi.org/10.1110/ps.0212702
Abstract
This manuscript introduces a versatile system for construction of multimeric proteins to be used as substrates for atomic force microscopy. The construction makes use of a cassette system that allows modules to be cut and ligated in any combination in eight different positions. The modules can be sequenced in situ after construction. A three-module fragment can be produced that is of a size amenable to structural and biophysical analysis to check the effect of placing a protein into a multimeric construct. We show that if the parent titin modules are retained in a construct, they can act both as linkers and as an internal standard for the force measurements. Proteins that cannot be expressed solubly in an eight-module homopolymer have been expressed and subject to force measurements using this system.Keywords
This publication has 8 references indexed in Scilit:
- Can Non-Mechanical Proteins Withstand Force? Stretching Barnase by Atomic Force Microscopy and Molecular Dynamics SimulationBiophysical Journal, 2001
- Mapping the Folding Pathway of an Immunoglobulin DomainStructure, 2001
- Atomic force microscopy reveals the mechanical design of a modular proteinProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2000
- Mechanical and chemical unfolding of a single protein: A comparisonProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 1999
- Single molecule force spectroscopy of spectrin repeats: low unfolding forces in helix bundlesJournal of Molecular Biology, 1999
- The molecular elasticity of the extracellular matrix protein tenascinNature, 1998
- Reversible Unfolding of Individual Titin Immunoglobulin Domains by AFMScience, 1997
- Over-production of Proteins inEscherichia coli: Mutant Hosts that Allow Synthesis of some Membrane Proteins and Globular Proteins at High LevelsJournal of Molecular Biology, 1996