The Effectiveness and Efficiency of Hybrid Transform/DPCM Interframe Image Coding

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Abstract
We seek to evaluate the efficiency of hybrid transform/ DPCM interframe image coding relative to an optimal scheme that minimizes the mean-squared error in encoding a stationary Gaussian image sequence. The stationary assumption leads us to use the asymptotically optimal discrete Fourier transform (DFT) on the full frame of an image. We encode an actual image sequence with full-frame DFT/DPCM at several rates and compare it to previous interframe coding results with the same sequence. We also encode a single frame at these same rates using a full-frame DFT to demonstrate the inherent coding gains of interframe transform DPCM over intraframe coding. We then generate a pseudorandom image sequence with precise Gauss-Markov statistics and encode it by hybrid full-frame DFT/DPCM at various rates. We compare the signal-to-noise ratios (SNR's) of these reconstructions to the optimal ones calculated from the rate-distortion function. We conclude that in a medium rate range below 1 bit/pel/frame where reconstructions for hybrid transform/ DPCM may be unsatisfactory, there is enough margin for improvement to consider more sophisticated coding schemes.

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