Roles of Cartilage Matrix Proteins, Chondromodulin-I and -II, in Endochondral Bone Formation: A Review
- 1 January 1996
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Taylor & Francis in Connective Tissue Research
- Vol. 35 (1-4) , 303-307
- https://doi.org/10.3109/03008209609029204
Abstract
Insulin induces early chondrogenesis in cultures of a clonal cell-line, ATDC5, which was derived from mouse embryonal carcinoma line AT805. Cartilage-generated matrix components chondromodulin-I (ChM-I) synergistically stimulates growth and differentiation of chondrocytes in the presence or absence of FGF-2. In contrast, ChM-I inhibits the proliferation of vascular endothelial cells and tube formation, thereby further stimulating cartilage growth and inhibiting replacing cartilage by bone in an early stage. Another cartilage-derived chondromodulin-II (ChM-II) also stimulates cartilage growth. However, ChM-II does not inhibit vascularization but stimulates osteoclast differentiation. Therefore, endochondral bone formation is regulated sequentially by cartilage-derived multiple autocrine factors. This opens a new mechanism of regulation of endochondral bone formation.Keywords
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