Control of hepatitis B by childhood vaccination

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Abstract
Infection with the hepatitis B virus occurs at the time of birth from an infectious mother, during childhood by unknown routes or in adult life predominantly through sexual intercourse. The relative importance of each of these ages at infection varies around the world. However, young age at infection is associated with persistent carriage of the virus in all societies. The development of vaccines which are effective both pre- and post exposure has provided the tool for public health control of infection and the prevention of carriage. Vaccination in childhood has been shown to be economically appropriate in countries at all levels of endemicity. The main constraints to implementation of global policies are now logistic and political.

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