Congenital Absence of the Oval Window

Abstract
WITH THE development of modern techniques in oto-microsurgery, such congenital malformations of the structures in the tympanic cavity as deformities or absence of the ossicles have often been found. Recently, one case of bilateral congenital absence of the oval windows has been described by Fernandez.1 In the literature hitherto, only eight other cases of this rare anomaly have been reported; three of these were reported by Hough2 in 1958, one briefly mentioned in an article by Livingstone3 in 1958, one each by Tabor4 and Beickert5 in 1961, and two by Pou6 in 1963. Of these cases, two reported by Livingstone and Fernandez revealed the absence of the round window. It is the purpose of this paper to report other cases of congenital absence of the oval window recently encountered in our clinic. Report of Cases Case 1.—History.—This 17-year-old boy was referred

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