Cocarcinogenic and Tumor-Promoting Agents in Tobacco Carcinogenesis2
- 1 June 1976
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Oxford University Press (OUP) in JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute
- Vol. 56 (6) , 1237-1242
- https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/56.6.1237
Abstract
A series of 21 tobacco smoke components and related compounds were tested for cocarcinogenic activity on mouse skin. The compounds were applied to mouse skin (50 female ICR/Ha Swiss mice/group) three times weekly with a low dose (5 µg/application) of benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P). The test compounds were of five classes: aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, phenols, and long-chain acids and alcohols. The following compounds enhanced remarkably the carcinogenicity of B[a]P: catechol, pyrogallol, decane, undecane, pyrene, benzo[e]pyrene, and f1uoranthene. The following compounds inhibited B[a]P carcinogenicity completely: esculin, quercetin, squalene, and oleic acid. Phenol, eugenol, resorcinol, hydroquinone, hexadecane, and limonene partially inhibited B[a]P carcinogenicity. Six of the 21 compounds were also tested as tumor promoters in two-stage carcinogenesis. No direct correlation existed between tumer-premotlng activity and cocarcinogenic activity. The cocarcinogens pyrogallol and catechol did not show tumor-promoting activity. Decane, tetradecane, anthralin, and phorbol myristate acetate showed both types of activity. Structure-activity relationships and possible modes of action were described.Keywords
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