Resonance Structure in Echoes from Schooled Pelagic Fish

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Abstract
Explosive acoustic sources were used to obtain echoes from aggregations and schools of commercially important marine fish. Narrow‐band spectral analysis of the echoes from these targets revealed significant structure in the frequency range from 200 Hz to 5 kHz. The targets were partially captured after the acoustic tests; three yielded northern anchovy (Engraulis mordax), one consisted of a mix of anchovy and jack mackerel (Trachurus symmetricus), and the last sample contained an aggregation of seven species of rockfish (Sebastes), whitefish (Caulolatilus princeps), and a striped seaperch (Embiotoca lateralis). The results of the direct biological sampling were combined with theoretical predictions for the resonant swimbladder response and compared with the experimentally observed resonances.

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