Abstract
The karyotype of C. lusitanicum Collares-Pereira, 1980 is established by the analysis of 246 kidney methaphasic plates obtained in 33 specimens. This Iberian endemic species has the most common diploid number found in the known cyprinids, i.e., 2n = 50 (NF = 94). The karyotype is asymmetric and its haploid formula is 8:14:3. There is no evidence of intra and/or inter-individual polymorphism, or of heterochromosomes, just like in the described holartic Cyprinids. Morphometric data concerning the 6 more conspicuous chromosome pairs are presented and discussed.

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