Abstract
An analytic expression for the optical field propagating normally in a general twisted nematic liquid‐crystal structure is obtained for the first time. Based upon this, analytic expressions are obtained for the optical transmissions of the general twisted nematic liquid‐crystal displays (including standard twisted nematic, supertwisted, supertwisted birefringence effect, lower twisted, and optical mode interference) with arbitrary polarizer orientations, liquid‐crystal indices of refraction, twist angle, surface pretilt angle, and cell thickness. Routes for improving the display performances are discussed.

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