Biological decomposition of dichloromethane from a chemical process effluent

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Abstract
The application of specialized microorganisms to treat dichloromethane (DM) containing process effluents was studied. An aerobic fluidized bed reactor with a working volume of 801 filled with sand particles as carriers for the bacteria was used. Oxygen was introduced into the recycle stream by an injector device. DM was monitored semi-continuously. A processor controlled the feed volume according to the DM effluent concentration. Mineralization rates of 12 kg DM/mbioreactor 3 · d were reached within about three weeks using synthetic wastewater containing 2000 mg/l DM as single carbon compound. DM from process water of a pharmaceutical plant was reduced from about 2000 mg/l in the feed to below 1 mg/l in the effluent at volumetric loading rates of 3 to 4 kg DM/mbioreactor 3 · d. Degradation of wastewater components like acetone and isopropanol were favoured, thus making the process less attractive for waste streams containing high amounts of DOC other than of DM. DM concentrations of up to 1000 mg/l were tolerated by the immobilized microorganisms and did not influence their DM degradation capacity. The ability to mineralize DM was lost when no DM was fed to the reactor for 10 days.