Composition of plant cell walls
- 1 January 1995
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Springer Nature in Zeitschrift für Lebensmittel-Untersuchung und Forschung
- Vol. 200 (1) , 24-31
- https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01192903
Abstract
Der Artikel faßt jüngere Forschungsergebnisse (ungefähr ab Beginn der achtziger Jahre) über die Zusammensetzung der Zellwände von Pflanzen zusammen mit einer Beschreibung der in den mikrofibrillären und amorphen Phasen enthaltenen Polysaccharide: Cellulose, Hemicellulosen und Pektinsubstanzen sowie der übrigen Komponenten: Lignin, Proteine und Enzyme. - Cellulose ist ein lineares Homopolymer aus Mikrofasern, deren parakristalline Struktur durch Wasserstoffbrückenbindungen stabilisiert wird. Die Hemicellulosen stellen eine wichtige Gruppe unter den Polysacchariden dar, die untereinander und mit den Cellulose- und/oder Pektin-Mikro-fibrillen verbunden sind. Als wichtigste Scien genannt: Xylane, Arabinoxylane, Mannane, Galactomannane, Glucomannane, Xyloglucane, Glucuronomannane, Arabinoga-lactan II, β-1,3- und β-l,4-Glucane. Die Pektinsubstanzen sind eine komplexe Mischung von kolloidalen Polysacchariden, die der Zellwand mit Wasser oder löslichen organischen Komponenten (chelating agents) entzogen werden können, wobei die bedeutendsten folgende sind: Rhamno-galacturonan I, Rhamnogalacturonan II, Arabinan, Galactan, Arabinogalactan I und D-Galacturonan. The present study reviews the most recent research published (starting approximately in the 1980s) on the composition of plant cell walls, with a description of the polysaccharides contained in the microfibrillar and amorphous phases: cellulose, hemicellulose and pectic substances, as well as the other components: lignin, proteins and enzymes. Cellulose is a linear homopolymer made up of microfibrils that form a para-crystalline structure stabilised by hydrogen bridges. The hemicelluloses constitute an important group of polysaccharides, which are inter-linked and also linked to microfibrils of cellulose and/or pectins, the most important being: xylans, arabinoxylans, mannans, galactomannans, glucomannans, arabinogalactan II, β-l,3-glucan and β-l,3-β-l,4-glucans. The pectic substances are a complex mixture of colloidal polysaccharides that can be extracted from the cell wall with water or chelating agents, the most significant being: rhamnogalacturonan I, rhamnogalacturonan II, arabinan, galactan, arabinogalactan I and D-galacturonan.Keywords
This publication has 50 references indexed in Scilit:
- Changes in the Cell Wall of Olive Fruit during ProcessingJournal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 1994
- Cellulose: a random walk along its historical pathCellulose, 1994
- Structure and function of plant cell wall proteins.Plant Cell, 1993
- Molecular Size and Separability Features of Pea Cell Wall PolysaccharidesPlant Physiology, 1992
- Non‐starch polysaccharides from sunflower (Helianthus annuus) meal and palm kernel (Elaeis guineenis) meal—preparation of cell wall material and extraction of polysaccharide fractionsJournal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 1991
- A comparison of the polysaccharides extracted from dried and non-dried walls of suspension-cultured sycamore cellsPhytochemistry, 1991
- Physiology and Biochemistry of Plant Cell WallsPublished by Springer Nature ,1990
- Effects of ABA on Synthesis of Cell-Wall Polysaccharides in Segments of Etiolated Squash Hypocotyl I. Changes in Incorporation of Glucose and myo-Inositol into Cell-Wall ComponentsPlant and Cell Physiology, 1989
- Plant Cell Expansion: Regulation of Cell Wall Mechanical PropertiesAnnual Review of Plant Physiology, 1984
- Fractionation of wheat bran carbohydratesJournal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 1981