Plasma lipoprotein profile and composition in White Carneau and Show Racer breeds of pigeons

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Abstract
Plasma lipoprotein profile and composition in atherosclerosis-susceptible White Carneau and atherosclerosis-resistant Show Racer pigeons were investigated while consuming a regular pigeon chow diet free of cholesterol. Plasma was studied by analytical and preparative ultracentrifugation and paper electrophoresis. Lipid composition of each lipoprotein was determined by combined TLC–GLC techniques. The major plasma lipoprotein of both breeds was high density lipoprotein (HDL) with some low density lipoprotein (LDL) and no very low density lipoprotein (VLDL). Cholesterol was mainly found in the HDL in both breeds (71.7%), and no difference was noticed in the total cholesterol content of whole plasma or in various lipoproteins. The LDL fraction in White Carneaux showed a significantly lower (P < 0.05) percentage of cholesterol esters compared with Show Racers (58.63 ± 4.9 in White Carneaux vs. 72.12 ± 2.1 in Show Racers). In LDL, the percentage of the triglyceride concentration in White Carneaux was significantly lower (P < 0.01) than that of Show Racers while the percentage of protein content in White Carneaux was higher than in Show Racers. No significant differences were observed in fatty acid composition of steryl esters, phospholipids, and triglycerides in the lipoprotein fractions of the two breeds. These studies show important differences in the cholesterol esters, protein, and triglyceride content of LDL in the atherosclerosis-susceptible breed of pigeons.