The strain hardening behaviour of particulate media

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Abstract
The strain increment resulting from an increment of stress applied to a particulate medium has been expressed in terms of its elastic and plastic components. The concepts of strain-hardening plasticity have been employed to develop an incremental stress–strain relation, based on a non-associated flow rule. The parameters appearing in the relation have been found using results of three-dimensional shear tests on sands and glass-microspheres. It is suggested that relations of the type developed in the paper could be beneficially incorporated into a finite-element program.

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