Relative molar Gibbs energies of cation transfer from a molecular liquid to ionic liquids at 298.15 K

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Abstract
Molar Gibbs energies of Ag+, Cu2+, Zn2+ and Cd2+ transfer from dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), a reference molecular liquid, to a number of ionic liquids (IL), ΔtG(DMSO → IL), were obtained from M|Mn+ electrode potentials at 298.15 K. The ionic liquids consisted of various tetraalkylammonium cations and Cl−, Br−, BF4 −, PF6 − or N(CF3SO2)2 − anions. The measured M|Mn+ (0.01 M, IL) potentials depend both on the tetraalkylammonium cation as well as on the anion. The transfer of cations from DMSO to ionic liquids brings about positive or negative changes of the molar Gibbs energy. The most important factor influencing the transfer molar Gibbs energy is the anionic component of the ionic liquid, which solvates the cation. In general, the molar Gibbs energy of cations in ionic liquids having N(CF3SO2)2 − anion is lower than in those having halide or tetrafluoroborate anions.