Energy expenditure in obese women before and during weight loss, after refeeding, and in the weight-relapse period

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Abstract
In 10 moderately obese women, 24-h energy expenditure (24EE) was measured in a respiration chamber under four conditions: 1) before weight loss (body weight = 77.9 kg), 2) during weight loss (63.9 kg), 3) after realimentation (62.5 kg), and 4) 6–15 mo after the study diet with ad libitum diet (67.7 kg). The 14 ± 8 kg (x̄ ± SD) weight loss produced a decrease in 24EE of 1498 ± 1138 kJ/d (P < 0.001), ie, a decrease of weight of 107 kJ · kg body wt−1 · d−1. The subsequent 24EE (conditions 3 and 4) remained lower than the value before weight loss. A significant correlation was found between changes before and after weight regain in basal respiratory quotient (RQ) and the spontaneous rate of body-weight gain after cessation of the period of low energy intake (r = 0.89, P < 0.01); this suggests that the value of the postabsorptive RQ may be a predictor of relapse of weight gain. After discontinuation of the low energy diet, an elevated postabsorptive RQ shows that the endogenous lipid oxidation is low, a condition favoring weight gain.