Portal flow augmentation for liver cirrhosis

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Abstract
Background: Portal hypertension due to chronic liver disease is a major cause of death worldwide. Orthotopic liver transplantation offers the best therapeutic option but is available to only a minority of patients. In the past few years mechanically pumping portal venous inflow has been reported to reduce portal hypertension and improve liver function. Methods: A review of the published data on augmented portal perfusion for the treatment of portal hypertension in cirrhosis was carried out by searching Medline and other online databases. From each published study portal pressure and blood flow data before and after augmented portal perfusion were used to calculate the change in mean intrahepatic portal vascular resistance (IHPR). The standardized data were then combined to allow meta-analysis. Results: Seven papers were identified on normal and cirrhotic animal and human livers with augmented flow (50% to fourfold over baseline) for 30–180 min. Meta-analysis revealed that the increased portal venous inflow was associated with a significant rise in portal venous pressure on the hepatic side (P < 0·001), a significant reduction on the mesenteric side (P < 0·001) and a significant reduction in IHPR (P = 0·013). Limited data were available to support improved liver function. Conclusion: Detailed in vivo cirrhotic liver studies on augmented portal flow in experimental models assessing haemodynamic and functional changes are required before clinical evaluation.