Critical heat flux performance of hypervapotrons proposed for use in the ITER divertor vertical target

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Abstract
Task T-222 of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) program addresses the manufacturing and testing of permanent components for use in the ITER divertor. Thermal-hydraulic and critical heat flux performance of the heat sinks proposed for use in the divertor vertical target are part of subtask T-222.4. As part of this effort, two single channel, medium-scale, bare copper alloy, hypervapotron mock-ups were designed by Sandia National Laboratories and McDonnell Douglas Aerospace (MDA), fabricated at MDA and tested at Sandia' Plasma Materials Test Facility using the EB-1200 electron beam system. The objectives of our effort were to develop the design and manufacturing procedures required for construction of robust HHF components, verify thermal-hydraulic, thermomechanical and CHF performance under ITER relevant conditions, and perform analyses of HHF data to identify design guidelines, failure criteria and possibly modify any applicable CHF correlations. This paper describes the design, fabrication and finite elements modeling of two types of hypervapotrons, a common version already in use at JET and a new attached- fin design. HHF test data on the attached-fin hypervapotron will be used to compare the CHF performance under uniform heating profiles on long heated lengths to that of localized, highly peaked, off-nominal profiles.

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