Determination of ABO Blood Group Zygosity by an Antiglobulin Rosetting Technique and Cell‐Based Enzyme Immunoassay

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Abstract
Two methods were employed to determine the zygosity of A and B red cells, the rosetting antiglobulin test and the enzyme‐linked immunoadsorbent assay (ELISA) technique. By means of the rosetting antiglobulin test, clear differences betwenn AA and AO as well as BB and BO could be shown; however, this method could not define the variation in the amount of the H antigen as a complimentary means of differentiating AA from AO and BB from BO. The ELISA test could quantitatively estimate the level of expression of H antigen, and using anti‐A and anti‐B reagents in a simultaneous assay, a specific pattern could be generated for each phenotype. Both rosette and ELISA approaches offer easy and inexpensive means of determining zygosity within the ABO system for use in paternity exclusion.