Immunization of Mice by Combinations of Inactive Fractions of Mycobacterium bovis Strain BCG

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Abstract
Summary In an attempt to identify the mycobacterial cell wall components which enhance resistance in mice to airborne infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv, fractions of BCG were prepared by organic solvent extraction and by alkali or lipase treatment. Although certain of these fractions, when tested individually, were impotent in our protection test, vaccines containing combinations of solvent-extracted, alkali-treated, or lipase-treated cell walls and of an inactive chloroform or methyl alcohol extract were significantly effective. The wax D fraction, but not the wax B or C fractions, of the chloroform extract in combination with “inactive” cell walls was highly protective. Since combinations of either the “inactive” BCG cell wall residue or the BCG chloroform extract with heterologous substances failed to enhance resistance of mice, two or more specific and distinct mycobacterial components may be required in an effective vaccine.

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